Electromagnetic Fields (EMF), UV, Laser and Light
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation, visible light, infra-red radiation and electromagnetic fields (EMF) are all covered by the term “non-ionising radiation (NIR)”.
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation, visible light and infra-red radiation form the high-energy range of NIR that is termed “optical radiation”. Typical sources of optical radiation include the sun, lamps, laser and solariums.
The electromagnetic fields that fall outside the range of optical radiation form the low-energy range of NIR; they are generated mainly through technological means. We distinguish between the following EMF ranges: high-frequency (rapidly vibrating) EMF are found primarily in technologies that transmit information via radio beams. Low-frequency (slowly vibrating) EMF occur in all electrical devices that are plugged into the power grid. Static EMF (which do not vibrate) are found in permanent magnets and in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems for medical diagnostics. Many everyday products, such as electric engines, mobile phones or induction stoves, purposely generate EMF to function, while other products’ EMF, such as those of lamps, are owed to their design but do not contribute to the functioning of the product.
Sun and UV radiation
The sun is the main source of natural ultraviolet radiation (UV radiation). Although natural or artificial UV rays cannot be seen or felt, they have an effect on the human body. UV rays are important for the formation of vitamin D in our bodies, but at certain intensities they can damage the skin and eyes.
Light, lighting and screens
Conventional LED bulbs, lighting, screens and projectors do not pose a health risk if used properly. This also applies to sensitive population groups such as children or people with very clear eye lenses.
Laser pointers, Events involving Laser Radiation, Lasertag
The use of lasers is becoming increasingly common, from handheld laser pointers and light shows to games like laser tag. However, improper or unregulated use of laser radiation can pose serious health risks, particularly to the eyes and skin. This page provides information on the dangers associated with lasers, the protective measures required under Swiss law, and guidance on how to stay safe during events, public gatherings, and recreational activities involving lasers.
Fact Sheets NIR
Fact sheets for various appliances producing non-ionising radiation (NIR).
Treatments using non-ionising (e.g. laser) radiation and sound
Certain cosmetic treatments use laser beams or light, which may involve risks for human tissue. Treatments using radiation and ultrasound have thus been governed by a Federal Act and corresponding Ordinance since 1 June 2019.